Dr. NICHOLAS WATSON

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Abraham Maslow (April 1, 1908 – June 8, 1970)

Adopted frome: http://businessstudiesmotivation.weebly.com

Maslow's hierarchy of needs:

 

The basis of Maslow's theory of motivation is that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs and therefore, certain lower needs need to be satisfied before higher needs can be addressed. According to Maslow, there are general needs (physiological, safety, love and esteem) which have to be fulfilled before a person is able to act unselfishly. These needs were known as "deficiency needs". While a person is motivated to fulfill these desires, they continue to move towards growth, and eventually self-actualization. The satisfaction of these needs is quite healthy. 

This hierarchy ascends from the lowest to the highest and he concluded that when one set of needs is satisfied, this kind of need ceases to become a motivator.

Hierarchy of needs:


(i) Physiological needs:
These are essential for survival and human life. Food, water, warmth, shelter, sleep, medicine and education are the basic physiological needs that fall in the needs of satisfaction. Maslow stated, that until these needs were satisfied to a degree to maintain life, only then will other motivating factors work.

(ii) Security and safety needs:
These are the needs to be free of danger and the fear of losing a job, property, food or shelter. It also includes protection from any emotional harm.

(iv) Social needs:
People need to feel like they belong and are accepted by others. People try to satisfy their need for affection, acceptance and friendship.

(iv) Esteem needs:
According to Maslow, once people begin to satisfy their need to belong, they tend to want to be held in esteem both my themselves and by others too. This kind of need produces such satisfaction as power, prestige status, and self confidence. It includes both internal esteem factors like self respect, achievements, autonomy and external factors such as states, attention and recognition.

(v) Need for self-actualization:
Maslow sees this as the highest need in his hierarchy. It is the drive to become what is capable of becoming; it includes growth, achievement, and self-fulfillment. it is to maximize one's potential to accomplish in becoming whatever they desire to be